China is the world's largest textile fiber production country, but also the textile and apparel products consumption and exports. Along with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, China's urban and rural residents' clothing consumption expenditure shows a strong growth trend, the textile and garment enterprises of all kinds of waste and household waste and household waste and textile production has increased rapidly. At the same time, China's garment recycling is still in a scattered, non system state, there are many problems such as recycling disorder, backward management, lack of standards, low processing level.
At present, our country should accelerate the recycling of waste textile and clothing, in particular, to strengthen the relevant laws, standards and policies to support the development and establishment of a smooth recycling channels, to encourage re-use of technology innovation. Our country to promote the recycling of waste textile and clothing, has become a top priority.
First of all, to promote the recycling of waste textile and clothing, can reduce the waste of resources, ease the shortage of resources. The storage and consumption of textile and garment industry resources from the nature, which is the green cotton resources in textile industry ecological natural resource consumption at least; hair type, plant as a renewable resource, but the nature of food consumption is very high; the proportion of textile products is more and more large chemical fiber products, mainly from oil resources and the latter is non renewable fossil energy.
As an industrial product, the energy consumption of clothing seems to be lower than other products such as automobiles, paper making, etc.. However, in fact, the completion of a garment contains a complex industrial chain and a large amount of energy consumption. Even if it is an ordinary cotton clothing, including cotton cultivation, fertilization, harvesting, textile and printing and dyeing, each link needs to consume a lot of resources.
China is a big country of textile exports, but also the import country of textile raw materials. In addition to the need to import the mulberry silk, a large amount of raw materials needed to produce a large amount of cotton, wool and synthetic fiber is needed every year. As the international oil, cotton prices continue to rise, the urgent need to achieve the development of the textile and garment industry. However, the comprehensive utilization of waste in our country is not high. In 2011, for example, the total amount of waste textiles more than 26 million tons, the comprehensive utilization of only 2 million 300 thousand tons, the comprehensive utilization rate of less than 10%. If the old clothes recycling, or production of recycled fiber, is conducive to reducing cotton consumption, saving resources for the society, to ease the shortage of domestic raw material resources.
Secondly, to promote the recycling of waste textile and clothing, can ease the environmental problems arising from the processing and processing of textile and clothing. In the whole process of the life cycle of the textile and clothing, the grab and the environmental pollution of the resources. From the initial link of the textile and apparel industry chain, the production of raw materials, along with the production of pollutants, the air, water environment, biological and human form different levels of damage. Clothing processing, especially printing and dyeing process will emit large quantities of waste water, and the composition is complex and difficult to deal with. In the course of postprocessing, the workers directly or indirectly exposed to a variety of chemicals, will affect human health. Finally, to dispose of waste by incineration or landfill, not only cause the waste of resources, but also cause damage to the ecological environment. Because of the need for the performance of clothing, synthetic fibers are increasingly being applied to clothing. However, the relative molecular weight of synthetic fiber is high, and it does not contain the active matrix, so it is difficult to degrade the synthetic fiber, which can cause a hundred years of pollution in soil. To avoid environmental pollution, recycling of waste textile fibers, in recent years, is increasingly attracting attention from all walks of life.
Once again, to promote the recycling of waste textile and clothing, can reduce carbon emissions and achieve green and sustainable development. China as the world's largest exporter of textiles, products are mainly exported to the European Union, the United States, Japan and other countries and regions. At present, exports to these countries and regions are still maintained rapid growth. United States, Japan, Europe and other developed countries and regions with the advantages of technology, environmental protection, set up to environmental regulations, safety and health standards, green certification and other content of green trade barriers. China has a large number of textile and clothing due to the restrictions of the green trade barriers, resulting in the export blocked or rejected.
With the promotion of the international community's attention to the problem of climate change, carbon tariff is a new kind of green barrier. China's textile and garment industry is difficult to meet the carbon emission standards developed by the developed countries due to the backward technology and equipment, and once the carbon tariff system is implemented, it is easy to be the object of carbon tax. And the recycling of used textile and clothing can reduce the carbon emissions from the source of production. At the same time, the textile industry is a large number of recycling of waste textiles, compared with raw materials processing production, can significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
Fourth, promote the recycling and reuse of textile and garment industry is imminent, and have a brilliant future. Should carry out the work mainly from the following aspects: the transformation idea, vigorously promote the textile clothing industry's re - recycling, recycling, recycling. Technology research, the establishment of recycling recycling system, and by professional organizations to operate. For the recycling of waste textile and clothing, processing and recycling industry, government departments should give the necessary support in terms of Taxation, finance, etc.. To carry out technological innovation, reduce the side corner of the remaining material, thereby reducing the production of textile waste.
Waste textile and clothing recycling problem more
In recent years, China has achieved initial results, but there are still some problems such as recycling disorder, backward management, lack of standards, low processing level and so on.
Lack of relevant laws and regulations and policy support. China's current legal, policy and local standards for the classification, recycling and reuse of waste, the lack of relevant policies and regulations for the recycling and reuse of waste textile and clothing, can not meet the needs of the recycling and reuse of waste materials. Progress has not been made in the legislation on the construction of the system of the recycling and reuse of used textiles.
For example, "Circular Economy Promotion Law", to establish and improve the recycling system of renewable resources, waste electronic products recycling, scrap recycling, dismantling the motor vehicle Electromechanical Products Remanufacturing, and garbage, sludge resource provides specific requirements. But there is no waste or garbage collection, processing and other content into the laws and regulations, and the lack of implementation details. Textile industry "12th Five Year Plan" refers to the recycling of textile and clothing, but there is no clear regulations and mandatory requirements, as well as the lack of incentive and evaluation mechanism of the system.
Lack of effective operation and management mechanism for the recovery and reuse. At present, in addition to a small number of formal enterprises, the main part of China's waste and clothing processing is spread all over the city, rural areas of the individual recycling army. For the spontaneous formation, mostly in the state of semi underground stragglers and disbanded soldiers. According to the relevant departments for investigation, these old clothes recycling guerrillas, the common problems of small scale, backward processing, poor health conditions, the urgent need to standardize management. In addition, the reverse logistics system is a serious lack of. In fact, our country to the clothing production in the waste, the sale in the old clothing collection, the enterprise product's stock lacks the effective use channel and the mechanism. The existing channel is a very small number of enterprises and residents' committees or volunteer behavior, in most cases, eventually settle a matter by leaving it unsettled.
Lack of appropriate classification standards and monitoring standards. At present, our country has not yet promulgated the classification standard of waste clothing, which makes it difficult to recycle and reuse. At the same time, because of the backward processing technology of textile wastes, the access threshold is low, the quality of regenerated fiber and the health and safety are lack of protection.
At present, the recycling of used clothing and recycling technology is not enough, the key technology innovation ability is weak. Recycling also stay in the low technology, waste material degradation process. Such as waste clothing and other design, the main performance of the physical form of the big change, the development of a large number of low level products, far from reaching the proper use of the value of recycling, can not solve the substantive issues.
Measures and suggestions for promoting recycling and reuse of waste textile and clothing
In view of some problems existing in the recycling of waste textile and clothing, the author of the international energy saving and environmental protection association, the Secretary General Li Junyang made the following recommendations: